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Bakri Siregar (14 December 1922 – 19 June 1994) was an Indonesian socialist literary critic and writer. ==Biography== Siregar was born in Langsa, Aceh, Dutch East Indies, on 14 December 1922. He was active writing by the Japanese occupation in the early 1940s, as evidenced by one of his short stories, "Tanda Bahagia" ("Sign of Happiness"), being published in ''Asia Raja'' on 1 September 1944. After Indonesia's independence, Siregar went to the Soviet Union to further study socialism. He considered their system efficient and beneficial to the populace, which reaffirmed his ideology. He also praised Soviet writers who rejected cosmopolitanism and abstractionism. He published several dramas after returning to Indonesia, including the original ''Tugu Putih'' (''White Monument''; 1950), ''Dosa dan Hukuman'' (''Sin and Punishment'', based on ''Crime and Punishment'' by Fyodor Dostoyevsky), and ''Gadis Teratai'' (''Lotus Blossom Maiden'', based on a Korean folktale). By 1951 Siregar had reached Medan, the capital of North Sumatra. While there, he took up a position as a high school teacher and, in 1952, joined the leftist oriented Institute of People's Culture (, or Lekra). Siregar published his first analysis of Indonesian literature, ''Ceramah Sastra'' (''Lectures on Literature''), in 1952. In 1953 he published a collection of short stories, entitled ''Jejak Langkah'' (''Footsteps''); that same year, he became the head of the North Sumatran branch of Lekra. The following year he released the stageplay ''Saijah dan Adinda'', based on a story in Dutch author Multatuli's novel ''Max Havelaar''. While a high school teacher, Siregar used his position to spot upcoming actors and direct them to Lekra's stage production company Dinamo. From 1956 until 1957, Siregar taught Indonesian language at the University of Warsaw in Poland. Afterwards, he returned to Indonesia and taught Indonesian at the University of North Sumatra in Medan until 1959. His final teaching position was as a lecturer on the history of Indonesian literature at Peking University in China, a position which he held until 1962. While he was in Peking, he also sat on Lekra's board of directors; after returning to Indonesia in 1962, he continued in this capacity and in 1965 became the institute's director. In 1964 he published ''Sedjarah Sastera Indonesia Modern I'' (''History of Modern Indonesian Literature I''). ''Sedjarah'' focused on the Balai Pustaka and ''Poedjangga Baroe'' eras and applied a strong Marxist view. The work was the first history of Indonesian literature, as well as the last published work to apply Marxist theory to Indonesian literature up until 2000. After the failed ''coup d'état'' – described by the government as having been led by the Indonesian Communist Party – on 30 September 1965, leftists were hunted by the military and the general public, while such institutions were closed. Siregar himself was arrested and spent twelve years in prison. His manuscript from the period, ''Angkatan-Angkatan dalam Sastra Indonesia'' (''Periods in Indonesian Literature''), remains unpublished. Siregar died in Jakarta on 19 June 1994. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bakri Siregar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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